Every study we read on this question

Trials in people (18)

• 3-month trial in 160 adults: mixed results for fasting plans versus a Mediterranean diet
  Randomized trial2025160 peopleMixed
• 12-month trial in 165 adults: 4:3 fasting lost more weight than daily calorie cutting
  Randomized trial2025165 peoplePoints to benefit
• 12-week trial in 96 adults on equal calories: time restricted eating had mixed results
  Randomized trial202496 peopleMixed
• 3-month trial in 99 adults with diabetes: 16:8 and 14:10 fasting lost more weight
  Randomized trial202499 peoplePoints to benefit
• 6-month trial in 75 adults with type 2 diabetes: time restricted eating lowered weight
  Randomized trial202375 peoplePoints to benefit
• 12-month trial in 139 adults: limited eating hours gave no clear extra weight loss
  Randomized trial2022139 peopleNo difference
• 3-week trial in 101 adults with prediabetes: fasting plans lost more weight than controls
  Randomized trial2022101 peoplePoints to benefit
• 3-month trial in Chinese adults: 8-hour eating window cut weight more than low-carb alone
  Randomized trial2022Points to benefit
• 12-week trial in 116 adults: 16:8 eating window did not clearly beat set meals
  Randomized trial2020116 peopleNo difference
• 8-week trial, 40 older adults: more weight loss with 5:2 fasting, similar brain gains
  Randomized trial202440 peopleMixed
• 16-week trial in 405 adults with diabetes: 5:2 fasting lost more weight than drugs
  Randomized trial2024405 peoplePoints to benefit
• 12-week pilot trial in 27 young people with diabetes: no clear difference from control
  Randomized trial202427 peopleNo difference
• 3-month trial in 80 adults with fatty liver: mixed results for fasting plus exercise
  Randomized trial202380 peopleMixed
• 5-week trial in 82 adults: body fat fell with early eating window, not mid-day
  Randomized trial202282 peopleMixed
• 5-week trial in 15 women with polycystic ovary syndrome: weight fell, no comparison group
  Trial, not randomized202115 peoplePoints to benefit
• Trial in 12 adults: weight fell with daytime eating, rose with late eating
  Randomized trial202112 peoplePoints to benefit
• 12-week trial in 19 adults with metabolic syndrome, no comparison group, reported lower weight
  Trial, not randomized202019 peoplePoints to benefit
• 12-week trial in 326 adults: 5:2 diet lowered blood sugar more than routine education
  Randomized trial2024326 peoplePoints to benefit

Reviews (6)

• Pooled review of 99 studies: only alternate day fasting beat calorie cutting
  Pooled review (meta-analysis)20256,582 peopleMixed
• Pooled review of 29 studies: time restricted eating lowered weight by 1.37 kg
  Pooled review (meta-analysis)20242,485 peoplePoints to benefit
• Pooled review of 24 studies, 1,768 adults: fasting did not clearly beat calorie cutting
  Pooled review (meta-analysis)20231,768 peopleNo difference
• Pooled review in overweight adults: slightly more weight loss with fasting, no BMI difference
  Pooled review (meta-analysis)2022Mixed
• Review of 130 trials: some fasting plans linked to benefit, mostly weak evidence
  Systematic review2021Points to benefit
• Review of 27 trials found no clear weight loss difference, fasting versus calorie cutting
  Systematic review2020No difference

Opinion (2)

• Review of intermittent fasting, weight and heart risk, focused on older adults
  Opinion or narrative review2024No direction
• Review of human studies on time restricted eating and metabolic disease
  Opinion or narrative review2024No direction